The Secret Life of Bees

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History in a Glance

There were two main historical themes in this novel: The Civli Rights Act, and the Black Madonna.

The Civil Rights Act
     In 1964, the Council of Federated Organizations launched an effort to register black voters during what becomes known as the Freedom Summer.  President Johnson signs the Ciliv Rights Act of 1964, making segregation in public facilities and discrimination in employment illegal (Civil Rights Timeline). 
 
Before and After
     August 28, 1963, people join the March on Washington and Reverend King delivers his "I have a dream," speech.  1965, black nationalist and founder of the Organization of Afro-American Unity, Malcom X is shot (Civil Rights Timeline).

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Reverend King

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President Johnson

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Malcom X

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The Black Madonna

The Black Madonna
     The Black Madonnas were some of the most ancient images that we have of Mary.  These were black images of the Virgin Mary that first originated in Europe.  Many scholars believe that they were black because they have connections to pre-Christian goddesses.  If this is true, then we have a very powerful amalgamation going on, a blending of the Christian MAry and these old earth goddesses.  Whether Black Madonna, or Mary, she is experienced as divine, because the human psyche or heart really needs a divine mother.  People see her as the feminine face of God (Schlumpf 2-6).